Over ten years have passed, and the indigenist, alternative development goal established in 2008 by the Ecuadorian government, and the slew of policies and projects that came from that, have not yielded fruit; looking back, with hindsight 2020, it is clear that a big reason for this failure is due to the government’s inability, or unwillingness, to incorporate the country’s historic and often conscious dependency on extractive practices into the narrative.